MARKAZIY OSIYO DAVLATLARIDA RAQAMLI XIZMATLAR SAVDOSINING HOLATI VA REGULYATIV DIVERGENSIYA DARAJASI (O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston va Qirg‘iziston misolida)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54613/ku.v18iC.1751Keywords:
raqamli xizmatlar savdosi, regulyativ divergensiya, Markaziy Osiyo, ma’lumotlar lokalizatsiyasi, AKT eksporti, Gower masofasi, Yevroosiyo iqtisodiy ittifoqi (YeOII), JST, mintaqaviy uyg‘unlashtirish.Abstract
Markaziy Osiyo davlatlarida raqamli xizmatlar eksporti so‘nggi yillarda jadal o‘smoqda, biroq mintaqa ichidagi tartibga solish rejimlari bir-biridan sezilarli darajada farq qiladi. Maqolada O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston va Qirg‘iziston misolida raqamli xizmatlar savdosining joriy holati tavsiflanadi hamda ushbu uch davlat o‘rtasidagi regulyativ divergensiya darajasi o‘lchanadi. Buning uchun muallif tomonidan oltita o‘lchov – ma’lumotlar lokalizatsiyasi, transchegaraviy uzatish rejimi, ro‘yxatdan o‘tkazish majburiyati, norezident elektron xizmatlariga soliq, qo‘shimcha raqamli soliqlar va nazorat organining ijro amaliyoti – asosidagi divergensiya indeksi qurilib, juftliklararo Gower masofasi hisoblab chiqilgan. Natijalar mintaqadagi o‘rtacha divergensiya darajasi 0,444 ni tashkil etishini, ya’ni nazariy maksimumning qariyb yarmiga tengligini ko‘rsatadi. Eng yuqori divergensiya (0,667) kutilmagan tarzda Yevrosiyo iqtisodiy ittifoqining ikki a’zosi, Qozog‘iston va Qirg‘iziston o‘rtasida qayd etildi. Oltita o‘lchovdan faqat bittasida – norezident elektron xizmatlariga qo‘shilgan qiymat solig‘i bo‘yicha to‘liq konvergensiya kuzatiladi, bu esa mintaqaviy uyg‘unlashuvning savdoni osonlashtirish emas, balki fiskal motivlar bilan boshqarilayotganini ko‘rsatadi. Maqolada mintaqaviy uyg‘unlashtirishning bosqichma-bosqich modeli taklif etiladi.
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