XX ASR IKKINCHI YARMI AMERIKA TARIXIY ROMANINING RIVOJLANISH BOSQICHLARI VA POETIK TRANSFORMATSIYASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54613/ku.v19iA.1803Keywords:
Amerika tarixiy romani, davrlashtirish, poetik transformatsiya, tarixiy narrativ, revizionizm, postmodernizm, multikulturalizm, tarixiy xotira, travma, milliy identiklik.Abstract
Maqolada XX asr ikkinchi yarmidagi Amerika tarixiy romanining rivojlanish bosqichlari va poetik transformatsiyasi tahlil qilinadi. 1950–2000-yillardagi ijtimoiy-siyosiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlarning janrga ta’siri, rasmiy milliy narrativning qayta ko‘rib chiqilishi, muqobil tarixiy ovozlarning kuchayishi, postmodernistik strategiyalar hamda tarixiy xotira va travma muammolarining badiiy talqini yoritiladi. Tadqiqotda janr taraqqiyoti 1950-1965, 1965-1979, 1980-1992 va 1992-2000-yillar bosqichlari asosida tavsiflanadi. Jon Bart, Tomas Pinchon, Uilyam Stayron, E.L.Doktorou, Toni Morrison va Kormak Makkarti asarlari misolida tarixiy narrativning an’anaviy modeldan revizionistik, postmodernistik va xotiraga yo‘naltirilgan shakllarga o‘tishi ko‘rsatiladi. Tadqiqotning ilmiy ahamiyati Amerika tarixiy romanining rivojlanishini faqat xronologik ketma-ketlik asosida emas, balki tarixiy ong va poetik dominantlarning almashinuvi nuqtayi nazaridan izohlash bilan belgilanadi. Maqolada tarixiy fakt va badiiy to‘qima munosabati, muqobil tarixiy ovozlarning shakllanishi, fragmentar va ko‘p ovozli narrativ, tarixiy xotira hamda travmaning badiiy ifodasi o‘zaro bog‘liq poetik hodisalar sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, Amerika tarixiy romanida milliy miflarning qayta talqin qilinishi, marginal guruhlar tajribasining tarixiy narrativga kiritilishi va tarixni anglashning subyektivlashuvi janr transformatsiyasining muhim omillari sifatida asoslanadi. Ushbu yondashuv XX asr oxiriga kelib tarixiy romanning o‘tmishni tasvirlash vositasidan tarixiy haqiqat, xotira va milliy identiklikni tanqidiy qayta anglash vositasiga aylanganini ko‘rsatadi.
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